Filters

2019 - 20203
Reset filters

Settings

Author: Salas Eljatib, Christian ×

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • Artículo de revista
    Development of 26-year-old mixed forests following different regeneration cutting treatments in Andean temperate rainforests of south-central Chile
    Tree regeneration following even-aged silvicultural methods in the evergreen forest type (EFT) has been scarcely studied in Chile, although this is the largest forest type in a region of highly productive native forests. In 1981/1982 a total of nine 1.44-ha experimental units with old-growth forests of the EFT were subjected to block clearcutting (BCC), strip clearcutting (SCC) and reserve shelterwood cutting (RSC) methods (three replicates in each case) in the Andes range in south-central Chile (41°35′S–72°35′W). The resulting second-growth forest stands following these cuttings were evaluated in terms of composition, density, basal area, mean diameter and height after four and 26 years (432 4 m2 plots in 1986, and 78 100 m2 plots in 2008). Four years after cutting, there were >one million tree seedlings per hectare in more than 10 species. In all experimental units one shade-tolerant species (Amomyrtus luma), one midtolerant species (Eucryphia cordifolia) and two very shade-intolerant species (Embothrium coccineum and Weinmannia trichosperma) comprised between 69 and 74% of the total density. The SCC favored a greater relative dominance of all the more shade-tolerant species, and the BCC treatment was more favorable for pioneer species (in addition to E. coccineum and W. trichosperma also Drimys winteri, Caldcluvia paniculata and Nothofagus nitida). At age 26, the short-lived E. coccineum dominated in all treatments, and its major coexisting species in terms of tree density were the midtolerants D. winteri, Eucryphia cordifolia and N. nitida, and the shade-tolerants Laureliopsis philippiana and A. luma. However, the BCC significantly favored the development of N. nitida and D. winteri (three times more basal area than in the other treatments), which might be explained by increasing soil moisture that occurs in this region following this type of disturbances. While these treatments did not show significant differences in mean diameters and dominant height, the BCC and SCC treatments allowed denser, diverse and well-stocked second-growth forests compared to the RSC method, illustrating the differences between truly even-aged and two-aged silvicultural methods upon these variables. Overall, these forests show a high resilience, rapid reorganization and high productivity following the application of even-aged silvicultural methods.
    Donoso, Pablo J.-Schlegel Heldt, Bastienne-Salas Eljatib, Christian-Donoso, Claudio
    2019
  • Artículo de revista
    Shrub influences on seedling performance when restoring the slow‐growing conifer Pilgerodendron uviferum in southern bog forests
    Forest restoration is most efficient if it can take advantage of facilitative interactions between established vegetation and planted trees. However, positive and negative interactions have been identified in a number of plant communities. After centuries of anthropogenic fires, forest recovery has been extremely slow in southern bog forests previously dominated by the slow‐growing and vulnerable conifer Pilgerodendron uviferum on Chiloé Island, Chile. Today, the landscape is dominated by secondary shrublands with scattered patches of Sphagnum moss and limited natural tree regeneration. We hypothesized that the retention of secondary shrubs facilitates the early performance of P. uviferum restoration plantings by providing better microsite conditions. To test this hypothesis, we compared the response of seedlings planted on sites prepared at two levels of intervention: after shrubs had been removed or where shrubs were retained. Shrub retention showed a nurse‐plant effect on P. uviferum seedlings 4 years after planting, which resulted in reduced physiological stress (measured as Fv/Fm) for seedlings, as well as reduced browsing. Consequently, the seedlings growing in areas with shrub retention had larger height increment and higher vitality than those in areas where shrubs had been removed. Thus, the more open micro‐site conditions created by shrub removal resulted in generally poorer seedling performance, although seedling mortality—which was low overall (approximately 2–4%)—showed no significant difference between the two levels of intervention. These findings have direct implications for the restoration of slow‐growing conifers that can tolerate extreme wet conditions in highly degraded forests.
    Bannister, Jan R.-Travieso, Germán-Galindo Castillo, Nicole-Acevedo Tapia, Manuel-Puettmann, Klaus J.-Salas Eljatib, Christian
    2020
  • Capítulo de libro
    Biodiversidad y cambio climático en Chile: Evidencia científica para la toma de decisiones. Capítulo 6: Datos en biodiversidad: un informe para COP25
    En el contexto de la urgencia causada por el cambio climático, el estudio recomienda que se dé valor particular al desarrollo de capacidades numéricas y de transferencia de tecnología en temas de biodiversidad terrestre, marina y estudio de los océanos, y que se promueva con fuerza la cooperación con el propósito de compartir de manera justa y equitativa los datos de biodiversidad, en particular genéticos, satelitales y de condiciones de medio ambiente. Se recomienda el desarrollo de un plan ambicioso de monitoreo que involucre tanto a ambientes terrestres como del océano, que articule todas las capas de integración y análisis de datos discutidas en el informe sobre datos para la biodiversidad y permita no solo generar índices de salud, sino también entender consecuencias del cambio climático y sus proyecciones.
    Maass, Alejandro-Samaniego, Horacio-Amaya, Leisy-Chávez, Roberto O.-Corcoran, Derek-Fontúrbel, Francisco E.-García, Nicolás-Pérez, María Fernanda-Poulin, Elie-Salas Eljatib, Christian-Scherson Vicencio, Rosa-Tevy, Florencia-Travisany, Dante-Vergara Asenjo, Gerardo
    2019