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Discriminant analysis of Mediterranean pine nuts (Pinus pinea L.) from Chilean plantations by near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)Artículo de revistaPinus pinea L. is one of the most important nut species in the world given the high nutritional and culinary value of its seed, the pine nuts, with increasing demand. The objective of this study was to assess the potential of visible and near infrared spectroscopy (VIS þ NIRS) to analyse different sample presentations and to discriminate geographical origins of Mediterranean pine nut grown in Chile. Pine nuts were collected from 76 adult trees in three growth macrozones previously defined for stone pine in Chile. Original spectroscopic data were obtained by means of a Foss NIRSystems 6500 SYII spectrophotometer using a transport module. Reflectance was employed in the wavelength range of 400e2500 nm. The best means of sampling for the pine nuts used in this study were also studied. After analysing the spectroscopic data, discriminant models were obtained by means of discriminant partial least square (DPLS) with all samples. For the three macrozones previously identified, 87.8% of samples was correctly classified in the cross validation stage with the best model for pine nuts spectra analysis, obtained with shelled intact pine nuts. Results indicate that NIRS technology is capable of differentiating between pine nut samples of different geographical origins with errors ranging between 12.2 and 9.2%, and demonstrate the potential of VIS þ NIRS technology as a rapid and accurate method for predicting the geographical origin of Mediterranean pine nuts. Chemical composition of pine nut (Pinus pinea L.) grown in three geographical macrozones in ChileArtículo de revistaEl piñón de pino mediterráneo es reconocido por su elevado valor nutricional y saludable. El objetivo del trabajo fue analizar la composición de piñones de Pinus pinea L. cultivados en tres macrozonas geográficas de Chile. Se realizó análisis proximal, minerales, composición de ácidos grasos, fitoesteroles, tocoferoles, vitamina C, compuestos fenólicos y capacidad antioxidante. El principal componente fue grasa, seguida de proteína. El fitoesterol predominante fue β-sitosterol, y el principal isómero de vitamina E fue γ-tocoferol . Los polifenoles alcanzaron un promedio de 0.34±0.05 mg GAE/g. La vitamina C y ORAC fueron 27.7±1.4 mg/kg y 8.54±0.03 μmol TE/g, respectivamente. El ácido graso más abundante fue el linoleico, seguido del oleico. La composición química de piñones de pino cultivados en diferentes macrozonas chilenas muestra buenas propiedades nutricionales y potenciales beneficios saludables.